Prison Island (Changuu) – History & Giant Tortoises

Why Visit Prison Island (Changuu)?

Prison Island, also known as Changuu Island, is one of Zanzibar’s historical islands, offering a perfect mix of history, wildlife, and adventure. Located just 5.6 km from Stone Town, this small island is a must-visit for travelers seeking a unique day trip. Its historical significance as a former prison and quarantine station, combined with the chance to meet the famous Aldabra tortoises, makes it a standout destination. Add in opportunities for snorkeling in vibrant coral reefs, and you’ve got an experience that’s both educational and exhilarating.

The History of Prison Island Zanzibar

Changuu Island’s history is as fascinating as its natural beauty. In the 1860s, the island was purchased by a wealthy Arab merchant and used as a confinement site for enslaved people. Later, under British colonial rule, it was intended to serve as a prison but was instead converted into a quarantine station for ships arriving from East Africa to prevent the spread of diseases like cholera and yellow fever. The remnants of the old prison buildings still stand, offering a glimpse into its storied past. Today, Prison Island is a peaceful sanctuary, attracting visitors for its historical intrigue and conservation efforts.

Meet the Zanzibar Giant Tortoises

The Aldabra giant tortoises are the stars of Changuu Island. These gentle giants, some over 150 years old, were originally gifted to Zanzibar by the British governor of Seychelles in the late 19th century. The tortoise sanctuary on the island is home to dozens of these majestic creatures, some weighing up to 200 kg. Visitors can walk among them, observe their slow-paced lives, and even feed them (under guided supervision). The sanctuary plays a vital role in conserving this endangered species, making your visit both educational and impactful.

Snorkeling and Swimming at Prison Island

The waters surrounding Changuu Island are a snorkeler’s paradise. The coral reefs teem with colorful marine life, including tropical fish, starfish, and even the occasional sea turtle. A prison island tour with Capable Africa Tours often includes snorkeling gear and guided sessions, ensuring you get the most out of this underwater adventure. For those who prefer swimming, the calm, clear waters around the island are perfect for a refreshing dip after exploring the historical sites and tortoise sanctuary.

How to Get to Prison Island

Reaching Prison Island is a breeze, making it an ideal day trip from Stone Town. The island is just a 30-minute boat ride away, with regular tours departing from Stone Town’s waterfront. Capable Africa Tours provides comfortable boats and experienced guides, ensuring a smooth and scenic journey across the turquoise Indian Ocean. Many tours also include hotel pickups for added convenience.

What to Expect on a Prison Island Tour

A typical prison island tour from Zanzibar lasts 3–4 hours, though full-day options are available for a more relaxed pace. Your adventure begins with a boat ride from Stone Town, followed by a guided tour of the island’s historical sites, including the old prison ruins. Next, you’ll visit the tortoise sanctuary to meet the Aldabra giants. Many tours also include snorkeling or swimming, with time to relax on the island’s small beach. Capable Africa Tours ensures small group sizes for a personalized experience.

Tips for Visiting Prison Island

To make the most of your Changuu Island adventure, consider these tips:

• Pack for the Day: Bring sunscreen, a hat, swimwear, and a towel for snorkeling or swimming.
• Dress Respectfully: While beachwear is fine on the island, modest clothing is appreciated when departing from Stone Town.
• Book in Advance: Prison Island tours are popular, so reserve your spot early, especially during peak seasons (June–October and December–February).
• Respect the Tortoises: Follow guide instructions to ensure the safety of both visitors and the Aldabra tortoises.
• Bring Cash: Small fees may apply for the tortoise sanctuary, and card payments are not always available.

Conservation Efforts on Changuu Island

Prison Island is more than a tourist attraction; it’s a hub for conservation. The tortoise sanctuary works to protect the endangered Aldabra tortoises, ensuring their survival for future generations. By visiting, you contribute to these efforts, as part of the tour fees supports the sanctuary. Capable Africa Tours is committed to sustainable tourism, promoting eco-friendly practices and educating visitors about the importance of preserving Zanzibar’s natural and historical treasures.

Combining Prison Island with Other Zanzibar Adventures

Prison Island pairs perfectly with other Zanzibar experiences. After your day trip, explore Stone Town’s UNESCO-listed alleys or join a spice tour to discover Zanzibar’s famous spice plantations. For marine enthusiasts, consider a snorkeling trip to Mnemba Atoll or a dhow cruise at sunset. Capable Africa Tours offers customizable itineraries to combine these activities for a well-rounded Zanzibar adventure.